Circles of Note: A Bibliography of the Crop Circle Phenomenon

Compiled by Michael Chorost

A print version of this document was published by Dennis Stacy.


This formation was discovered July 27, 1991, near Silbury Hill, in Wiltshire, England. It is one of many hundreds of crop circles discovered in Great Britain. The phenomenon peaked between the years of 1989 and 1992.

This bibliography lists some of the resources for the study of crop circles. It is an abbreviated version; those wishing the full version should contact me.

Items are listed alphabetically by author or editor. Inclusion in this bibliography does not imply endorsement.

I am the editor of the "Report on the Results of Project Argus: An Instrumented Study of the Physical Materials of Crop Circles." To see this item in the bibliography, click here.

I may be contacted at: North American Circle, 3607 Greystone #821, Austin TX 78731, USA. Comments, revisions, or additions can be emailed to me at mchorost@tpoint.net
Click here to reach my home page.


Contents:


Books

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Crop Circles: Harbingers of World Change. Edited by Alick Bartholomew. Gateway Books, 1991. $28.95. Same sources as The Crop Circle Enigma below. Excellent photos of 1991's crop circles.

Circular Evidence. Pat Delgado and Colin Andrews. London: Bloomsbury Press, 1989. 190 pp. US price $29.95 hardcover, $14.95 softcover. At least three sources: (1) Phanes Press, P.O. Box 6114, Grand Rapids, MI 49516, tel. (800) 678-0392. (2) Arcturus Book Services, P.O. Box 831383, Stone Mountain, Georgia, 30083-0023, tel. (404) 297-4624. (3) Trafalgar Square, Vermont, NY, tel. (802) 457-1911. Dated but still a classic.

Crop Circles: The Latest Evidence. Pat Delgado and Colin Andrews. London: Bloomsbury Press, 1990. 80 pp. UK ú5.99, US $13.95. Available from Phanes Press (see item 6 listed for The Crop Circle Enigma below.) Mystery of the Circles. Paul Fuller and Jenny Randles. BUFORA, 1986. 28 pp. UK ú1.50. BUFORA, 103 Hove Avenue, Walthamstow, London. Also available from Arcturus Books (see entry for Circular Evidence.)

The Controversy of the Circles. Paul Fuller and Jenny Randles. BUFORA, 1989. UK ú4.20. Available from BUFORA and Arcturus Books (see above entry.)

Crop Circles: A Mystery Solved. Paul Fuller and Jenny Randles. London: Robert Hale Ltd, 1990, 250 pp. UK ú13.95, US $30.95 (from Arcturus Books, see entry for Circular Evidence above.) Also available in softcover ($14.00) from Stonehenge Viewpoint (see Crop Circle Secrets above.)

1991--Scientific Evidence For the Crop Circles Phenomenon. Montague Keen. Foreword by Archie Roy. Elvery Dowers Publications, 1992. 47 pp. UK ú3.95 from the publisher at 13 West Parade, Norwich, Norfolk NR2 3DN, tel. (0603) 611336.

Spuren im Korn ("Markings in the Corn.") Edited by Jⁿrgen Kr÷nig. Zweitausendeins, 1992. Price DM 33 (approx. UK ú10.) In German. 240 pp. First-rate color photography, measurements, and other documentation. See above item for ordering information.

The Circles Effect and Its Mysteries. George Terence Meaden. Bradford-on-Avon: Artetech Publishing Company, April 1990 (2nd ed.) 116 pp. UK ú11.95. Order from Artetech, 54 Frome Road, Bradford-on-Avon, BA15 1LD; tel. 02216 2482.

Circles From The Sky. Edited by George Terence Meaden. The expanded, hardcover edition of the Proceedings (see above item.) 208 pp. UK ú14.99 from Souvenir Press, 43 Great Russell Street, London WC1B 3PA.

The Goddess of the Stones: The Language of the Megaliths. George Terence Meaden. Argues that England's numerous stone circles were inspired by crop circles. 224 pp. UK ú18.99. Souvenir Press, 1991. To order, see above item.

The Stonehenge Solution. George Terence Meaden. Forthcoming from Souvenir Press. Dowsing the Crop Circles. Edited by John Michell. Gothic Image Publications, 1991. 48 pp. Price ? Order from publisher at 7 High Street, Glastonbury, Somerset BA6 9DP, England.

The Crop Circle Enigma. Edited by Ralph Noyes. Bath: Gateway Books, 1990. 192 pp. $28.95 hardback (a paperback edition may eventually be available in the USA.) At least three sources: (1) The Great Tradition, 11270 Clayton Creek Road, P.O. Box 108, Lower Lake, CA 95457, tel. (707) 995-3906. (2) New Leaf Book Distributing Co, 5425 Tulane Drive SW, Atlanta, GA 30336-2323, tel. (404) 691-6996. (3) Bookpeople, 2929 Fifth Street, Berkeley, CA 94710, tel. (415) 549-3030.

Crop Circle Classification System. Patrick Palgrave-Moore. Elvery Dowers Publications, 1991. 23 pp. Price UK ú2.95 from Elvery Dowers Publications, 13 West Parade, Norwich, Norfolk NR2 3DN, tel. (0603) 611336.

Physical Traces Associated With UFO Sightings. Compiled by Ted Phillips, edited by Mimi Hynek. Northfield, Illinois: Center for UFO Studies, 1975.

The Natural History of Stafford-shire. Robert Plott (spelled "Plot" on title page.) Oxford, 1686. (Pages 7-21 describe what may be 17th-century fairy rings or crop circles.)

Passport to Magonia. Jacques Vallee. Chicago: Henry Regnery Co, 1969. (See "Rings In The Moonlight", pp. 31- 39, on "UFO nests.")


Periodicals

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UFO Newsclipping Service. Editor: Lucius Farish. 1-year subscription (12 issues) $55. Route 1, Box 220, Plumerville, Arkansas 72127. (Excellent source for newspaper reports of crop circles worldwide.)

The Crop Watcher. Editor: Paul Fuller. 1-year subscription (6 issues) UK ú13.00 (overseas airmail price.) 3 Selborne Court, Tavistock Close, Romsey, Hampshire SO51 7TY, England. (Sympathetic to the meteorological and hoax theories.)

The Circular. Editor: Barbara Davies. 1-year subscription (4 issues) included with membership in CCCS (Centre for Crop Circle Studies.) Overseas membership UK ú15, US $33. Payable Visa/Access/Mastercard/Eurocard. Write to Specialist Knowledge Services, St. Aldhelm, 20 Paul Street, Frome, Somerset BA 11 1DX, U.K., or call (0373) 51777.

Journal of Meteorology. Editor: George Terence Meaden. 1-year overseas subscription (10 issues). Individual overseas airmail rates: Student, ú27; nonstudent, ú37. Institutional overseas rates: ú55 surface, ú65 airmail. 54 Frome Road, Bradford-on-Avon, Wiltshire, BA15 1LD, England. (The bastion of the meteorological and hoax theories.)

The Cereaologist. Editor: George Wingfield. 1-year subscription (3 issues) ú7.50, US $18.00. Payable Visa/Access/Mastercard/Eurocard. Write to Specialist Knowledge Services, St. Aldhelm, 20 Paul Street, Frome, Somerset BA 11 1DX, U.K., or call (0373) 51777. Back issues available from Phanes Press, P.O. Box 6081, Grand Rapids, MI 49516. Tel. 1-800-678-0392. (Loosely associated with the CCCS. Eclectic approach.)

Northern UFO News. Editor: Jenny Randles. I should get subscription information soon. 6 issues yearly. (Sympathetic to the meteorological/hoax theory; carries regular column on crop circles.)

The Swamp Gas Journal. Editor: Chris Rutkowski. For subscription information, write to the editor at Box 1918, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3C 3R2. (Loosely associated with NAICCR--see "Studies"; runs stories on Canadian crop circles.)

Mufon UFO Journal. Editor: Dennis Stacy. 1-year subscription (12 issues) $25. 103 Oldtowne Road, Seguin, Texas 78155-4099. (Ran many articles on crop circles between 1991 and 1993.)


Studies/Data

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Chorost, Michael, ed. "Report on the Results of Project Argus: An Instrumented Study of the Physical Materials of Crop Circles." Durham, N.C.:North American Circle, 1992. 115 pages, with illustrations and index. The findings of Project Argus, a scientific study of the soil and plants of crop circles. It sought evidence of anomalous differences between the interiors of crop circles and the surrounding farmland. Reliable evidence of such differences would constitute evidence that the phenomenon was not a hoax. The project carried out, among other things, gamma spectroscopy, electron microscopy, DNA analysis, magnetic flux density scans, and plant tissue analysis. The project's most interesting results came from the magnetic scans and tissue analyses, which yielded notable inside/outside differences. Also, an analysis of the local rainfall showed that some of the area's best-made formations had been made in the rain (and, therefore, mud, greatly increasing the difficulty of hoaxing.) The other tests were negative. The report may be obtained for $12 in the USA and $15 overseas (prices include postage) from the editor at 3607 Greystone #821, Austin, Texas 78731. A condensed version of the report may eventually be made available on the World Wide Web. Back to top of bibliography

Deetken, Chad. "Canadian Crop Circles, 1990 and 1991." 11 pp. Temporal/dimensional data for 9 formations. Deetken will send xeroxed copies for free. 2743 W. 6th Avenue, Vancouver B.C., Canada V6K 1W9.

Fuller, Paul. "A Sample Survey of the Incidence of Geometrically-Shaped Crop Damage." Copyright 1988. 41 pp. Commissioned by BUFORA and TORRO.

Langrish, John. Crop Formation Surveys. Exceptionally well-done surveys of various formations from the 1991 season. Available for ú2.50 each (overseas price) from Langrish, at above address.

Rutkowski, Chris, et al. "North American Crop Circles and Related Physical Traces in 1990." February 1991. 18pp. Conducted by NAICCR (North American Institute for Crop Circle Research.) Presents data for 45 North American cases in 1990, about 30 of which appear to be English-style crop circles. US $3.00 from NAICCR, 649 Silverstone Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2V8, Canada.

Rutkowski, Chris, et al. "North American Crop Circles and Related Physical Traces Reported in 1991." February 1992. 21 pp. The successor to the 1990 NAICCR report. US $3.00. Ordering information as above.


Videotape Documentaries

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Crop Circle Communique. Produced by John Macnish of Circlevision. 75 minutes. Thorough, detailed documentary of 1990 and 1991 events. Shows remarkable footage of anomalous unexplained sightings in and near crop circles. In U.K., available from Circlevision, The Paddocks, Whitton, Ludlow, Shropshire SY8 3DB. In U.S., available from Linda Moulton Howe Productions, P.O. Box 538, Huntingdon Valley, PA 19006- 0538; includes 10-minute trailer by Linda Howe detailing American scientific research. Also from Phanes Press, P.O. Box 6081, Grand Rapids, MI 49516, tel. 1-800-678-0392. Price $35. Specify "NTSC" to get version watchable on American VCRs.

Undeniable Evidence. Produced by Ark Soundwaves. UK ú17.20 from Ark Soundwaves Ltd, P.O. Box 1395, Glastonbury, Somerset BA6 9FE. Interview with Colin Andrews about events in 1991. Not known to be available in NTSC format. (American VCRs can play only tapes in NTSC format.)


Articles

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Aggen, Erich A., Jr. "Midwest Crop Circles." Mufon UFO Journal, no. 272 (December 1990), pp. 15-16. (Irregular crop circles near Odessa, Missouri.)

Anderson, Alun. "Britain's Crop Circles: Reaping by Whirlwind?" Science v. 253 (August 30, 1991), pp. 961-962. (Summary of meterological-theory achievements and failures.)

Andrews, Colin. "Circular Evidence." Mufon UFO Journal, no. 243 (July 1988), pp. 11-13. (Discussion of several 1987 formations.)

Andrews, Colin. "Major Increase in Mystery Circles." Kindred Spirit (UK) vol 1 no. 5 (Winter 1988-89) pp. 27-28.

Andrus, Walt. "Crop Circles Appear in the U.S.S.R." Mufon UFO Journal, no. 270 (October 1990), p. 13. (Oval, 35 by 45 meters; Krasnodar region.)

Anonymous. "Mystery Circles in Fukuoka." Asahi Evening News (Tokyo), Sept. 28, 1990. (Two circles 12 km. E of Fukuoka City, Japan, found Sept. 17, 1990.)

Anonymous. "Mutant Ninja Circles." The Economist. August 17th, 1991, pp. 77-78. (Meterological theories: "Suddenly the mystery...looks close to solution.")

Battison, David. "Is It The First Positive Sign Of A Hoax?" Cambridge Weekly News, Aug 15, 1991, p. ? (Erudite analysis of the "Mandelbrot formation" by computational mathematics researcher.)

Beaumont, Richard. "More Circular Evidence." Kindred Spirit, vol. 1, no. 8, pp. 25-28. (Interview with Colin Andrews. Discusses electrical, psychic, and historical events associated with the circles.)

Beaumont, Richard. "Crop Circles: The Mystery Deepens." Kindred Spirit, vol. 1, no. 12, pp. 32-37. (Summary of the key developments of the Summer 1990 season, with aerial photos.)

Beaumont, Richard. "Crop Circles: Occurrences, Theories, Stories, and Conjectures of 1991." Kindred Spirit v.2 no. 5 (Fall 1991), pp. 32-42. (Detailed overview of 1991 season. Photos.)

Bostrom, Peter. "Two Circles of Depressed Grass in Madison County, Illinois, June 6, 1991." Oklahoma MufoNews, August 1991, p. 8.

Brandenburg, John. "Possible Physical Mechanism for Producing Crop Circles." Mufon UFO Journal, no. 276 (April 1991), pp. 10-11. (Suggests microwave beams are responsible for flattening plants.)

Brandsberg, George. "UFO Report to Farmers." Farm Profit, July-August 1975. (Discusses scorched patches and long swathes of sliced-off corn.)

Brough, Graham. "Men Who Conned the World." Today, September 9, 1991, p. 1. (Supposed "revelation" of Doug & Dave hoax scam.)

Chorost, Michael, and Andrews, Colin. "The Summer 1990 Crop Circles." Mufon UFO Journal, no. 272 (December 1990), pp. 3-14. (Layering of crops, EM effects, possibility of language. 10 photos, 3 diagrams.)

Chorost, Michael. "Circles of Note: A Continuing Bibliography." Mufon UFO Journal, no. 276 (April 1991), pp. 14- 17. (This bibliography, as of April 1991.)

Chorost, Michael. "Theses for a Pre-Paradigm Science: Cereology." Mufon conference proceedings, July 1991, pp. 103-132. (Current state of cereology; discussion of linguistic hypothesis; small catalog of crop circles up to 1990.)

Chorost, Michael. "The Summer 1991 Crop Circles." Mufon UFO Journal, no. 282 (October 1991), pp. 3-15. (Events of 1991; scientific findings argue against hoax theory; crop lays; photos. Condensed version of 73-page report; see "Studies.")

Chorost, Michael. "Hoax Doesn't Explain It: A Reply To Hoax Theorists Peter Williams and Ken Brown." The Cereologist 6 (Spring 1992): 7-9.

Chorost, Michael. In press. "A Reply To Paul Fuller's Review Of 'The Summer 1991 Crop Circles.'" The Crop Watcher.

Chorvinsky, Mark. "Erasmus Darwin on Cropfield Circles in 1789?: The Fairy-Ring Connection." Strange Magazine no. 6 (date unknown; probably late 1990), p. 32. (Reprints Darwin's discussion of odd fairy-rings; it is quite similar to Plott's account--see "Books.")

Conrow, Carol. "UFO Mania Hits Odessa: Circles In Field Create Media Interest." The Odessan (Odessa, Missouri), September 20, 1990, pp. 2-3. (Discussion of Odessa crop circle in a field of sorghum.)

Conrow, Carol. "Circles in Lowe Fields Stir Interest Across Nation." The Odessan (Odessa, Missouri), September 27, 1990.

Cramp, Leonard G. "The Whippingham Ground Effects." Flying Saucer Review, vol. 14, no. 3 (May/June 1968). (Extensive documentation of straight and circular plant flattenings correlated with a reported UFO sighting on July 10, 1967, near Newport, Isle of Wight.)

Donnelly, Sally B. "Around and Around in Circles." Time Magazine. Sept. 18, 1989, p.50. Letters of response in Oct. 9th issue, p. 14. (Overview of the phenomenon; three color pictures.)

Erlichmann, James. "Logic Flattens 'Corn Circle' Theories." Guardian (UK), July 6, 1990, p. 24. (Reports Robert Cory's theory: "The phenomenon is caused by the old-fashioned circular irrigation machine.")

Fischer, Jeff. "Crop Circle at Milan, Illinois." Mufon UFO Journal, July 1991, pp. 5-7. (46.5-foot circle in corn; discusses chemical analysis of soil.)

Forman, Craig. "Mysterious Circles in British Fields Spook the Populace." Wall Street Journal, Aug 28, 1989, p. A1. (Basic overview.)

Fuller, Paul. "Mystery Circles: Myth in the Making." International UFO Reporter, May/June 1988, p. 4-8. (Supports meteorological theory; presents two eyewitness cases of whirlwinds.)

Fuller, Paul. "A Crop Circle Revolution?" UFO Times, July 1991, pp. 25-28.

Gordon, Stan. "Daylight Close Encounter." MUFON UFO Journal, July 1989, pp. 18-21. (Discusses Pennsylvania UFO sighting and related circular landing trace.)

Goriss, Holly, and Boundy, Russell. "Retrospective Investigation of a Possible Trace at Mt. Garnet". UFO Research Australia Newsletter, March-April 1981 (Vol 2. No. 2) pp. 4-6. (Investigates a 1977 ground marking which looks like a crude quintuplet.)

Green, Richard. "Farmer's Amazing Find in Cornfield." Chase Post (Lichfield, UK), Aug. 9, 1990. (Chorley, Lichfield "cross" formation.)

Grossman, Wendy. "Crop Circles Create Rounds of Confusion." Skeptical Inquirer, vol. 14 no. 2 (Winter 1990), pp. 117-118. ("A genuine modern mystery.")

Hempstead, Martin. "The Summer of '91." The Skeptic v.5 no. 6 (November/December 1991), pp. 9-15. ("There is no firm evidence, and certainly none that has been made publicly available, which is inconsistent with 100% hoaxing.")

Hewitt, Andrew. "Going Round in Circles." Huddersfield Examiner (UK), August 7, 1990. (Supports vortex theory, dismisses hoax theory.)

Hill, George. "Taking A Turn Around The Circles." The Times (UK), July 27, 1990, p. 16. (Attack on uncritical media approaches to phenomenon.)

Howe, Linda Moulton. "Procedures for Collecting Crop Circle Samples." Mufon UFO Journal, May 1992, 13-14.

Hughes, Juliet. "Beware of the Supernatural." Wiltshire Gazette (UK), August 9, 1990. ("If the crop circles prove to be meteorological phenomena, then all the more glory to God.")

Huneeus, J. Antonio. "England's Puzzling Crop Circles: The Shape of a Mystery." New York City Tribune, 2 parts: May 3 and 10, 1990 ("Science" section.) (Discusses history, and hoax and meteorological theories.)

Hynek, J. Allen, and Vallee, Jacques. "A Sighting in Saskatchewan." In The Edge of Reality (Appendix A). The Henry Regnery Co., 1975. (Discusses Canadian UFO sighting and related circular flattened areas.)

Jensen, Gregory. "Experts Can't Square Explanations of Circles." Washington Times, July 27, 1990. Page A1. (Reports the Blackbird hoax incident. Photo of one of the pictograms.)

Kohn, Marek. "A Rare Circle for Skeptics." Weekend Guardian (UK), Aug. 18, 1990, p. 17. (Skeptical discussion of the phenomenon.)

Kr÷nig, Jⁿrgen. "PhΣnomene von Morgen." ▄bermorgen, October 1990.

Kr÷nig, Jⁿrgen. "RΣtsel im Korn." Sonntags Zeitung, Aug. 15, 1990.

Kr÷nig, Jⁿrgen. "Kosmische Graffiti." Wochenpost, no. 35, Sept. 1991.

Kr÷nig, Jⁿrgen. "RΣtsel der Welt--Kreise im Korn." Jupiter, Sept. 1991.

Martin, Richard. "Strange Sighting at Silbury Hill." Kindred Spirit (UK), vol 1 no. 5 (Winter 1988-89), pp. 26-27. (Glowing lights associated with circles.)

McCoag, Tom. "Mysterious Ring in Field Gets Plenty of Attention." Chronicle Herald (Halifax, Canada), April 22, 1991, p. A1. (Early 1991 formation in Amherst, Nova Scotia; 30-foot dia. ring, 12 inches wide.)

McGuire, Donna, and Adler, Eric. "More Puzzling Circles Found in Fields." Kansas City Star, September 21, 1990, p A1. (Map locates seven circles in Kansas City region; discusses microburst theory.)

Meaden, Terence. "Circles in the corn." New Scientist, June 23, 1990, 47-9. (Argues for the plasma vortex theory.)

Meaden, Terence. "The Beckhampton 'Scroll-Type' Circles, The Beckhampton 'Triangle', and Strange Attractors." Journal of Meteorology (Trowbridge, U.K.), October 1990, pp. 317-320. ("The triangle is nothing other than an imperfect circle." Useful for discussion of luminous tubes and diagram of a scroll.)

Meaden, Terence, and Wingfield, George. "A Circle of Theories at the Bottom of the Garden." Guardian, August 2, 1991, p. 28. (Debate.)

"Major Developments in Crop-Circle Research in 1990: Part 3." G. Terence Meaden. Journal of Meteorology (Trowbridge, U.K.), date? pp. 163-169. Meaden, Terence. "Analysis and Interpretation of the Luminous-Tube Phenomenon." Journal of Meteorology (Trowbridge, U.K.), Oct. 1991, pp. 276-278. (Marks shift to hoax theory: "It obvious that most, perhaps all, complex sets of circles seen in Britain in recent years have been made by hoaxers.")

Nickell, Joe, and Fischer, John F. "The Crop-Circle Phenomenon: An Investigative Report." Skeptical Inquirer v. 16 (Winter 1992): 136-149. ("The defining characteristics of the phenomenon lead in a fairly straight line toward the hoax hypothesis.")

Norman, Paul. "And Now...Cornfield Circles in Australia!" Flying Saucer Review, vol. 35, no. 1 (March Quarter, 1990), pp. 7-8. (Briefly discusses nine 1980's crop circles in Beulah, Victoria, between 3 and 16 feet in diameter.)

Norman, Paul. "And More Cornfield Circles in Canada." Flying Saucer Review, vol. 35, no. 1 (March Quarter, 1990), pp. 8-9. (Briefly discusses 1989 circles between 6 and 24 meters in diameter in Manitoba; 2 photos.)

Norwood, Allen. "Charlotte Farmer Finds Odd Circles." Charlotte Observer, August 9, 1991, p. A1. (Six single circles in southeast Charlotte, North Carolina, August 7/8.)

Noyes, Ralph. "Crop Revolution 10 Years On." Country Life, July 6, 1989, pp. 102-103. (Discusses White Crow, 1989's surveillance experiment.)

Noyes, Ralph. "Circular Arguments." Mufon UFO Journal no. 258 (October 1989), pp. 16-18. (Discusses books, meteorological theory.)

Noyes, Ralph. "Crop Circles: Is There A Paranormal Factor?" The Psi Researcher, July 1991, pp. 2-6. ("The phenomenon presents a strong impression that a paranormal factor is at work.")

Peterson, Ivars. "Euclid's Crop Circles." Science News 144:5 (Feb. 1, 1992), pp. 76-77. (Discusses Gerald Hawkins' theory that crop circles encode geometric theorems.)

Randles, Jenny. "The Hertfordshire 'Mowing Devil' Woodcut: A 17th Century Circle Report?" UFO Times, no. 5 (January 1990), pp. 30-32. (Presents a 1678 woodcut showing a devil "mowing" a pattern which Randles suggests may be a crop circle.)

Randles, Jenny. "Measuring the Circles." Strange Magazine, no. 7 (1991), pp. 24-27.

Randles, Jenny. "Nature's Crop Circles." International UFO Reporter, May/June 1991.

Randles, Jenny. "Round and Round in the Circle Game." International UFO Reporter, May/June 1991.

Rosenfeld, Paul. "Charles River Ice Ring." Mufon UFO Journal, April 1992, pp. 12-13. (20 ft. dia. ice ring found in Charles River, Waltham, Mass., January 1992.)

Roy, Amit. "Scientist Tells How He Squared A Corn Circle." The Sunday Times (UK), July 1, 1990, p. 4. (Discussion of meteorological theory.)

Rutkowski, Chris, and Timmerman, John P. "Langenburg, 1974: A Classic Historical CE2 And A Crop Circle Progenitor?" International UFO Reporter March/April 1992, pp. 4-11. (Conclusion: "Cerealogy is more related to ufology than is generally assumed. Moreover, it does appear that historical precedents for crop circles beyond Britain do exist.")

Schnabel, Jim. "Corn Flakes." The Independent Magazine, December 7, 1991, p. 66-70. (Suggests that crop circle groups are overly credulous and have been infiltrated by charlatans.)

Schmidt, William E. "An Invisible Hand Beckons All to the Wheat Fields." New York Times, July 27, 1991, p. 4. Photo, p.1. (Focuses on dowsing, mystics; insinuates that the locals carry on the whole thing for financial gain.)

Shoemaker, Michael T. "Measuring the Circles." Strange Magazine no. 6 (date unknown; probably late 1990), pp. 34- 35, 56-57. (Critical review of current theories.)

Shoemaker, Michael T. "Measuring the Circles." Strange Magazine no. 7 (1991), pp. 27-28. (Reply to Jenny Randles in same issue.)

Simon, Richard. "Did They Have Visitors?" Fate, vol. 44, no. 2 (February 1991), pp. 66-69. (46-foot circle in shallow grass, Millersburg, Ohio.)

Smith, Wes. "Unidentified Farm Object Shakes State." Chicago Tribune, October 28, 1990, p.1. Reprinted as "Illinois Aflutter Over Unidentified Farm Object" in Austin American-Statesman (Austin, Texas), November 14, 1990, p. D10. (Discusses 1990 crop circle in Milan, Illinois.)

Sobel, Dava. "Field Of Dreams?" Omni, December 1990, pp. 59-67,121-128. (Extended overview, slanted toward meteorological theory; many photographs.)

Sorenson, Peter. "Crop Circles: Humanity's Wake-up Call." Millenium Magazine, January 1992. Full issue.

Dennis, Stacy,. "Graffiti of the Gods?" New Age Journal, Jan/Feb. 1991, pp. 38-44, 103. (Extended overview, more balanced than Omni article; many photographs.)

Stacy, Dennis. "The Circle Game." New Age Journal, Nov/Dec. 1991, pp. 12-13. (Doug & Dave hoax claim; TV coverage. Photo of Barbury Castle formation.)

Stacy, Dennis. "A Faulty Translation." UFO vol. 6 no. 5, pp. 27-29. (Disputes Beckjord's "translation" of crop circles in same issue.)

Strainic, Michael. "River, Lake, and Creek." Mufon UFO Journal, March 1990, pp. 10-14. (Circles and UFO reports in British Columbia.)

Strainic, Michael. "Once Upon a Time in the Wheat." Mufon UFO Journal, December 1991, pp. 3-9. (Canadian crop circles in 1991.)

Tarpley, Keith. "Tennesee Videotaping." Mufon UFO Journal, July 1991, pp. 3-5. (Doughnut-shaped crop circle at Dandridge, Tennesee, May 17, 1991.)

Tate, Chris. "Corn Circle Experts in Plea for Action." Salisbury Journal (UK), July 27, 1989, p. 4. (British government not discussing the phenomenon.)

Trillin, Calvin. "Hoping Some Furry Little Creatures Crop Up." Syndicated newspaper column, August 13, 1990. (A humorous look at the circles.)

Tonneson, Lon. "Did a UFO Visit This Farm?" Dakota Farmer, October 1990, p. 9. (Early Aug. 1990 "reversed question mark" in Leola, S.D.)

Trump, Simon, and Mouland, Bill. "Anatomy of a Corny Hoax." Today (UK), July 26, 1990, pp. 24-25. (Chronology of the Blackbird hoax.)

Tyrrel, Rebecca. "Shock Encounter as a Corn Circle is Born." The Mail, August 25, 1991, p. ? (Couple claim to have witnessed circle forming around them.)

Underwood, Nora. "Mystery in the Fields." Maclean's, Sept. 16, 1991, p. 50. (Canadian crop circles in 1991. Photo.)

Wales, Michael. "Proposed Physical Measurements of Crop Circles." Mufon UFO Journal, March 1991, pp. 15, 23. (Suggestions for instrumented research.)

Wall, Tony. "Hoax, or Creation By Aliens From Outer Space?" Ashburton Guardian (New Zealand), Feb. 1?, 1992. (Crop circle in New Zealand--20m dia, with 2 rings.)

Waller, Jean. "Oklahoma Crop Circles!?" Oklahoma MufoNews, August 1991, p. 3. (Formations in Foss and Fargo.)

Wingfield, George. "Did Avebury UFO Produce the Silbury Hill Corn Circles?" Flying Saucer Review, v.33 no.4 (Dec. 1988), pp. 1-6.

Wingfield, George. "English Hoax Update." Mufon UFO Journal, December 1991, p. 18. (Doug & Dave hoax claim a government disinformation tactic.)

Multiple stories, multiple authors. Fortean Times, issues 53 (Winter 1989/90) and 55 (sorry, date not known.) Issue 53 is entirely devoted to the phenomenon, with articles by Bob Skinner, John Michell, Ralph Noyes, G. Terence Meaden, Hilary Evans, and Bob Rickard. Issue 55 contains an update, pp. 7-13, on 1989-1990 formations outside of Wiltshire. Issue 53 is available for $7.00 from Stonehenge Viewpoint (see Crop Circle Secrets in book section.)

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